CVE-2016-4438: Arbitrary code execution in Apache Struts 2
Summary
CVE-2016-4438: Arbitrary code execution in Apache Struts 2. Affects org.apache.struts:struts2-core versions >= 2.3.19, < 2.3.29. Fixed in 2.3.29. How to fix ↓
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Background
Apache Struts 2 is a popular open-source web application framework for developing Java-based applications. It provides a set of features and utilities to simplify the development process. The REST plugin in Apache Struts 2 versions 2.3.19 through 2.3.28.1 is vulnerable to arbitrary code execution. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting a crafted expression.
Vulnerability Detail
The vulnerability, identified as CVE-2016-4438, originates from a flaw in the REST plugin of Apache Struts 2. By sending a specially crafted expression, an attacker can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code on the target system. This can lead to various consequences, including unauthorized access, data breaches, and system compromise. The severity of this vulnerability is rated as CRITICAL with a CVSS score of 9.8.
How To Fix
Latest published version: 7.4.0 as of 22 Oct 2026
Upgrading to it may include breaking changes; the version below is the minimum fixed release for this vulnerability.
If you need the minimum change
2.3.29
This is the first release that contains the fix.
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Workaround
If upgrading the package is not immediately feasible, a temporary workaround can be implemented. This involves disabling or blocking access to the REST plugin in Apache Struts 2. By preventing the use of the vulnerable plugin, the risk of exploitation can be reduced. However, it is important to note that this is only a temporary solution and upgrading to a fixed version is strongly recommended.
Conclusion
The vulnerability in Apache Struts 2, identified as CVE-2016-4438, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. It is crucial to upgrade the affected package to a fixed version or implement the recommended workaround to mitigate the risk. For further support on vulnerability remediation, please contact DevNack.com.
See every vulnerability recorded for org.apache.struts:struts2-core →
FAQ
Apache Struts 2 is an open-source web application framework for Java-based applications. It provides a set of features and utilities to simplify the development process.
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on the target system. This can lead to unauthorized access, data breaches, and system compromise.
The severity of this vulnerability is rated as CRITICAL with a CVSS score of 9.8.
To fix this vulnerability, it is recommended to upgrade the affected package, org.apache.struts:struts2-core, to a version higher than or equal to 2.3.29.
Yes, a temporary workaround involves disabling or blocking access to the REST plugin in Apache Struts 2. However, upgrading to a fixed version is strongly recommended.
References
Related vulnerabilities
Recent vulnerabilities recorded for org.apache.struts:struts2-core.
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